Brief Summary
Monotherapy phase: To evaluate and compare the safety, tolerance, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary activity of nevirapine administered alone in mildly to moderately symptomatic HIV-infected children ages 2 months to less than 18 years; to evaluate and compare the safety, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of nevirapine in HIV-infected children ages 1 day to less than 2 months. Combination therapy phase: To evaluate and compare the safety, tolerance, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary activity of nevirapine administered in combination with zidovudine (AZT) in mildly to moderately symptomatic HIV-infected children ages 2 months to less than 18 years.
Compounds with reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity that are more potent and less toxic than the nucleoside analogues are needed. Nevirapine (BI-RG-587) has shown in vitro inhibitory activity against HIV-1reverse transcriptase and has shown a synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 replication when combined with zidovudine (AZT) in a plaque reduction assay.
Compounds with reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity that are more potent and less toxic than the nucleoside analogues are needed. Nevirapine (BI-RG-587) has shown in vitro inhibitory activity against HIV-1reverse transcriptase and has shown a synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 replication when combined with zidovudine (AZT) in a plaque reduction assay.
Brief Title
A Study of Nevirapine Used Alone or in Combination With AZT in HIV-1-Infected Children
Detailed Description
Compounds with reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity that are more potent and less toxic than the nucleoside analogues are needed. Nevirapine (BI-RG-587) has shown in vitro inhibitory activity against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and has shown a synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 replication when combined with zidovudine (AZT) in a plaque reduction assay.
Sixty mildly to moderately symptomatic HIV-infected children (five patients in each of four age groups) will receive oral nevirapine at 1 of 3 doses for 168 days. If preliminary activity is demonstrated and toxicity is acceptable after 84 days of treatment in the three oldest age groups (ages 2 months - less than 2 years, ages 2 years - less than 13 years, and ages 13 years - less than 18 years), children ages 1 day - less than 2 months will receive one of the three doses of nevirapine. Additionally, 15 additional patients (five in each of three age groups) will receive zidovudine in combination with nevirapine. At the end of 24 weeks of combination therapy, patients discontinue zidovudine for 2 weeks while remaining on nevirapine, in order for pharmacokinetic sampling to be done. Children will be enrolled sequentially by decreasing age and increasing nevirapine dose.
Sixty mildly to moderately symptomatic HIV-infected children (five patients in each of four age groups) will receive oral nevirapine at 1 of 3 doses for 168 days. If preliminary activity is demonstrated and toxicity is acceptable after 84 days of treatment in the three oldest age groups (ages 2 months - less than 2 years, ages 2 years - less than 13 years, and ages 13 years - less than 18 years), children ages 1 day - less than 2 months will receive one of the three doses of nevirapine. Additionally, 15 additional patients (five in each of three age groups) will receive zidovudine in combination with nevirapine. At the end of 24 weeks of combination therapy, patients discontinue zidovudine for 2 weeks while remaining on nevirapine, in order for pharmacokinetic sampling to be done. Children will be enrolled sequentially by decreasing age and increasing nevirapine dose.
Categories
Conditions
HIV Infections
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
Concurrent Medication:
Allowed:
* IV gammaglobulin therapy.
* Medications for PCP prophylaxis (e.g., TMP / SMX, dapsone, aerosolized and IV pentamidine).
* Fluconazole.
Patients must have:
* HIV infection. A positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is not acceptable as the sole evidence of HIV infection. Three out of five children in each age and dose group must have a serum p24 antigen level of 70 pg/ml or greater and/or a plasma viral titer of 50 TCID/ml or greater prior to study entry.
* Ability to be followed by their original trial center for the duration of the trial.
* Consent of parent or guardian.
Exclusion Criteria
Co-existing Condition:
Patients with the following symptoms and conditions are excluded:
* Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis if steroid-dependent or requiring supplemental oxygen or with a pretreatment paO2 \< 70 mm Hg.
* Opportunistic or serious bacterial infections within 28 days prior to entry.
* Demonstrated intolerance to zidovudine prior to administration of nevirapine (in patients enrolled in the combination therapy phase of the study).
* CDC classification of P-2D (secondary infectious diseases) and/or P-2E (secondary cancers).
* Pre-existing malignancies.
Concurrent Medication:
Excluded:
* Other approved or investigational antiretroviral agents.
* All other investigational agents (except fluconazole).
* Glucocorticoids and steroid hormones.
* Dicumarol, warfarin, and other anticoagulants.
* Digitoxin.
* Valproic acid.
* Tolbutamide.
* Doxycycline.
* Chloramphenicol.
* Isoniazid.
* Phenobarbital and other barbiturates.
* Hepatotoxic drugs.
Patients with prior participation in this trial are excluded.
Prior Medication:
Excluded:
* More than 6 weeks of prior zidovudine (AZT) therapy or more than 6 weeks of any other antiretroviral therapy.
Excluded within 7 days prior to study entry:
* AZT (in monotherapy groups only).
Excluded within 4 weeks prior to study entry:
* Other approved or investigational antiretroviral agents.
* All other investigational agents.
* Glucocorticoids and steroid hormones.
* Dicumarol, warfarin, and other anticoagulants.
* Digitoxin.
* Valproic acid.
* Tolbutamide.
* Doxycycline.
* Chloramphenicol.
* Isoniazid.
* Phenobarbital and other barbiturates. Active alcohol or drug abuse to impair compliance with the protocol.
Concurrent Medication:
Allowed:
* IV gammaglobulin therapy.
* Medications for PCP prophylaxis (e.g., TMP / SMX, dapsone, aerosolized and IV pentamidine).
* Fluconazole.
Patients must have:
* HIV infection. A positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is not acceptable as the sole evidence of HIV infection. Three out of five children in each age and dose group must have a serum p24 antigen level of 70 pg/ml or greater and/or a plasma viral titer of 50 TCID/ml or greater prior to study entry.
* Ability to be followed by their original trial center for the duration of the trial.
* Consent of parent or guardian.
Exclusion Criteria
Co-existing Condition:
Patients with the following symptoms and conditions are excluded:
* Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis if steroid-dependent or requiring supplemental oxygen or with a pretreatment paO2 \< 70 mm Hg.
* Opportunistic or serious bacterial infections within 28 days prior to entry.
* Demonstrated intolerance to zidovudine prior to administration of nevirapine (in patients enrolled in the combination therapy phase of the study).
* CDC classification of P-2D (secondary infectious diseases) and/or P-2E (secondary cancers).
* Pre-existing malignancies.
Concurrent Medication:
Excluded:
* Other approved or investigational antiretroviral agents.
* All other investigational agents (except fluconazole).
* Glucocorticoids and steroid hormones.
* Dicumarol, warfarin, and other anticoagulants.
* Digitoxin.
* Valproic acid.
* Tolbutamide.
* Doxycycline.
* Chloramphenicol.
* Isoniazid.
* Phenobarbital and other barbiturates.
* Hepatotoxic drugs.
Patients with prior participation in this trial are excluded.
Prior Medication:
Excluded:
* More than 6 weeks of prior zidovudine (AZT) therapy or more than 6 weeks of any other antiretroviral therapy.
Excluded within 7 days prior to study entry:
* AZT (in monotherapy groups only).
Excluded within 4 weeks prior to study entry:
* Other approved or investigational antiretroviral agents.
* All other investigational agents.
* Glucocorticoids and steroid hormones.
* Dicumarol, warfarin, and other anticoagulants.
* Digitoxin.
* Valproic acid.
* Tolbutamide.
* Doxycycline.
* Chloramphenicol.
* Isoniazid.
* Phenobarbital and other barbiturates. Active alcohol or drug abuse to impair compliance with the protocol.
Inclusion Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
Concurrent Medication:
Allowed:
* IV gammaglobulin therapy.
* Medications for PCP prophylaxis (e.g., TMP / SMX, dapsone, aerosolized and IV pentamidine).
* Fluconazole.
Patients must have:
* HIV infection. A positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is not acceptable as the sole evidence of HIV infection. Three out of five children in each age and dose group must have a serum p24 antigen level of 70 pg/ml or greater and/or a plasma viral titer of 50 TCID/ml or greater prior to study entry.
* Ability to be followed by their original trial center for the duration of the trial.
* Consent of parent or guardian.
Concurrent Medication:
Allowed:
* IV gammaglobulin therapy.
* Medications for PCP prophylaxis (e.g., TMP / SMX, dapsone, aerosolized and IV pentamidine).
* Fluconazole.
Patients must have:
* HIV infection. A positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is not acceptable as the sole evidence of HIV infection. Three out of five children in each age and dose group must have a serum p24 antigen level of 70 pg/ml or greater and/or a plasma viral titer of 50 TCID/ml or greater prior to study entry.
* Ability to be followed by their original trial center for the duration of the trial.
* Consent of parent or guardian.
Gender
All
Gender Based
false
Keywords
Drug Therapy, Combination
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
AIDS-Related Complex
Antiviral Agents
Zidovudine
Nevirapine
Healthy Volunteers
No
Last Update Post Date
Last Update Post Date Type
Estimated
Last Update Submit Date
Maximum Age
17 Years
Minimum Age
1 Day
NCT Id
NCT00001111
Org Class
Nih
Org Full Name
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Org Study Id
ACTG 180
Overall Status
Completed
Phases
Not Applicable
Primary Completion Date
Primary Completion Date Type
Actual
Official Title
Pharmacokinetics, Safety, Tolerance, and Activity of Nevirapine (BI-RG-587) Alone and in Combination With AZT in Mildly to Moderately Symptomatic HIV-1 Infected Children
Secondary Ids
Secondary Id
882
Status Verified Date
First Post Date
First Post Date Type
Estimated
First Submit Date
First Submit QC Date
Std Ages
Child
Maximum Age Number (converted to Years and rounded down)
17
Minimum Age Number (converted to Years and rounded down)
0
Investigators
Investigator Type
Principal Investigator
Investigator Name
Joseph Sparano
Investigator Email
jsparano@montefiore.org
Investigator Phone
718-405-8404